

f^ r^LiBRARY OF Congress. 



Chap. 


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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. r^^n^: 

VS? 9—167 iiiie''<SS 



Joint Resolution to Authorize the Governor and 
Council to Appoint a Person or Persons to 
Represent the State of New Hampshire at the 
Proposed Celebration at Louisburg. 

[$5C0 appropriated.] 

Resolved hy the Senate and House of Re-preseyitatives in 
General Court convened: 

That the governor and council are hereby authorized to 
appoint a person or persons to represent the state of New 
Hampshire at the proposed celebration of the one hundred 
and fiftieth anniversary of the capture of Louisburg, to be 
held at Louisburg June 17, 1895. Such representative or 
representatives shall receive their actual expenses only, and 
the same shall be paid from any money in the treasury not 
otherwise appropriated, upon approval of the governor and 
council. The governor and council are hereby further 
authorized to cause to be printed not exceeding two thou- 
sand copies of the report of such representative or repre- 
sentatives, together with the names of the soldiers from 
New Hampshire who served at the capture of Louisburg, 
and all of the historical facts connected therewith, the same 
to be distributed as follows : One copy to each representa- 
tive and senator of the New Hampshire legislature, one copy 
to each state officer, one copy to each Grand Army post in 
the state, one copy to each to^vn library in the state, and 
the balance to be deposited in the state library and disposed 
of by the trustees thereof in the same manner as other 
publications deposited therein. The total expenditure 
under this resolution shall not exceed five hundred dollars. 

[Approved March 28, 1895.] 

8essio7i Laivs of 1895, chapter 138. 



His Excellency 

CHARLES A. BUSIEL, Governor, 

And the Honorable Council, 

Appointed the writer special commissioner to represent 
New Hampshire at the proposed celebration at Louisbnrg, 
Cape Breton, June 17, 1895, collect the historical facts, 
names of the New Hampshire soldiers and sailors in the 
expedition, and cause the same to be published. 

After one hundred and fifty years have come and gone 
since the events took place, with the loss of all the muster 
rolls and many other documents that would throw light on 
the subject, I find the best explanation of the situation by 
Hon. Charles Hudson of Lexington, Mass., in the New 
England Genealogical and Antiquarian Register, Vol. 24, 
367 : " Every antiquary who has attempted to explore that 
field must have been disappointed in not being able to find 
a list of the gallant men who served in the memorable ex- 
pedition to Cape Breton in 1745, when the undisciplined 
militia of New England took Louisburg from the veteran 
troops of France. It will be recollected that that expedi- 
tion originated with the colony, and was executed by 
colonial troops. The bravery displayed and the complete 
success which crowned the enterprise attracted attention 
across the Atlantic, so that the mother country readily 
assumed the act and paid the cost of the expedition. To 
adjust these accounts it became necessary that they should 
have the rolls, and they were accordingly sent to England, 
and have never been returned. In fact, the same is true of 
the records of the council of that day ; they were sent to 
the home government, and the copies now in the archives 
of the state are transcri[)ts from the original records. No 
such copies of these rolls have ever been made, and hence 
our archives furnish no lists of these brave men. Feeling 
the great need of some such list, I have endeavored to 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 5 

collect from all sources within my reach, the names of the 
officers and soldiers who served in that campaign. But I 
have found the task more difficult than 1 anticipated. In 
the first place, but few of the lists I have been able to find 
give the residence of the officers or soldiers, so that in many 
cases it is difficult to determine even to what state certain 
men or detachments belong. Neither do the lists I have 
been able to find profess to be full or perfect. In fact they 
are not properly rolls of the companies. They are, rather, 
partial reports of the sanitary condition of certain detach- 
ments at particular stations, or of the men assigned to a 
particular command, or the signers of petitions for a certain 
object, or the names of those who empowered a certain 
person to act as their agent in receiving their bounty or 
share of the spoils. In some cases we have only the notice 
that such an one is in the hospital, or is dead, or is dis- 
charged for inability. I have thought it due to the public 
to make this statement, that they may see how much de- 
pendence may be placed upon the lists I propose to give. 
I cannot say that they are perfect, or entirely reliable, but 
only that I have used my best endeavors to make them as 
perfect as my means would allow, and I flatter myself that 
my labors have not been entirely in vain." 

This description of the situation of affairs by Mr. Hudson 
applies as well to New Hampshire as to Massachusetts. 
The number of men from New Hampshire in the expedition 
when it sailed for Louisburg was 502. Recruits, 120 at 
least, and probably more. Have found the names of 496 
men, leaving 12(1 unaccounted for. The residences of the 
men, as given, are the writer's. 

The writer is under great obligations to Senator Gallin- 
ger, who called the attention of Secretary Olney to the 
missing muster-rolls and, through him, of Minister Bayard 
in England, where the rolls undoubtedly went as vouchers, 
although no clue to them has been obtained there yet. 

We hope our members of congress, with the assistance 



6 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

of the delegations from Massachusetts, Rhode Island^and 
Connecticut, will secure an appropriation from the govern- 
ment to enable further investigations to be made, and, if 
possible, to obtain copies of the rolls, in order that justice 
may be done to the memory of the brave men who captured 

Louisburg. 

GEORGE C. GILMORE, 

Special Commissioner. 
Manchester, N. H., Sept. 25, 1896. 



The provincial government of New Hampshire in 1745 
consisted of a royal governor, council, and assembly. 

Grovernor. 
Benning Wentwoeth. 

Cou7iciL 

George Jaft'rey, 
Jotham Odiorn, 
Henry Sherburne, 
Joseph Sherburne, 
Ellis Huske, 
Theodore Atkinson, 
Samuel Solley, 
John Downing, 
Richard Wibird, 
Samuel Smith. 

Assembli/. 

Province of ) Anno Regni Regis Georgii Secundi, Magnte 
New Hamp'' \ Brittanise, Francise et Hibernise, Uecimo 
Octavo, '&c. 

A Journal of the House of Representatives at a General 
Assembly of his Majesty's Province of New Hampshire in 







NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOTJISBURG. 



New Engl'' began and 
Thursday 24 January, 

Portsm" 



Dover 

Hampton 
Hampton Falls 

Kxeter 

Stretham 
New Castle 
Rye 

Kingston 
Greenland 
*Newington 
New Market 
Durham 
Londonderry 



held at Portsm° in s'' Province on 
Anno Dom : 1745. 

i Nathaniel Rogers, Esq 

< Eleazer Russell, Esq 

( Henry Sherburn, jun. 

r Coll. Thomas VVallingford 

< Thomas Millet, Esq. 
( Capt. John Winget 
i Sam' Palmer, Esq. 

< Mr. Joseph Philbrook 
( Mr. Meshech Wear 

\ Col. Peter Gil man 
\ Mr. Zeb. Gideons 

Moses Levitt, Esq. 

William Frost, Esq. 

Jonathan Lock 

Maj"^ Eben'' Stevens, Esq. 

Clement March, Esq. 

George Walton, Esq. 

Capt. Israel Gilman 

Capt Jonathan Thompson 

Mr John Wallace, Sen 



Friday Feby 1. Declared by the House, not legally 
elected, and dismissed. 

Feby 12. Mr. Secretary, Coll. Downing & Mr. Wibird 
came into the House & declariug they were sent to qualify 
John Fabyan, Esq. adminis'' the oath to him, & he took his 
place in y*" House being directed thereto by the speaker. 



Journal of the House. 

Fryday, Feb'' V^ 1745. Met according to adjournm' & 
all y® members present. 

Rich'' Wibird Esq. brought down a letter from his Exc^' 
Gov"^ Shirley with some papers Relating to the proceedings 
of the Gov' of the Mass. Bay on an intended Expedition to 
Louisburg. 



* Elected to fill the vacancy caused by the dismissal of George Walton, Esq. 



8 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

Grovernor Shirley^ s Communication . 

Province of the 
Massachusetts Bay 

The Committee of both Houses upon the subject of his 
Excellency's messages of the 19"' & 22'' instant make the 
following report, viz. 

That they have been attended by tv^^o Gentlemen who 
have lately been prisoners at Louisburg & by otlier^ who 
have been traders there & who are well acquainted with the 
place, from whom the Committee have received information 
that the Garrison there does not consist of more than five 
or six hundred regular Troops & that there are not above 
three or four hundred fighting men of the Inhabitants, that 
they have but a small stock of Provisions, that they have 
no vessels of Force in their Harbour, and that the place is 
at this time less capable of being defended against an attack 
than its probable, it will be hereafter. 

The Committee therefore are of opinion that it is incum- 
bent upon this Government to embrace this favourable o[)por- 
tunity to attempt the reduction thereof; and they humbly 
propose that his Excellythe Capt. General be desired to give 
forth his Proclamation to encourage the Inlistment of three 
Thousand Volunteers under such proper officers as he shall 
appoint, That each person so enlisting be allowed Twenty- 
five shillings pr month, & that there be delivered to each 
man a blanket, that one month's pay be advanced & that 
they be entitled to all the plunder. 

That provision be made for the furnishing of necessary 
warlike stores for the Expedition, That four months provi- 
sions be laid in, That a Committee be appointed to procure 
& fit vessels to serve as Transports to be ready to depart by 
the beginning of March, and that a suitable naval force be 
provided for their convoy, as this Court shall hereafter order. 
That application be forthwith made to the Government of 
New York, the Jerseys & Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, 
Connecticut t & Rliode Island to furnish their respective 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBUKC. 9 

Quotas of men & vessels to accompany or follow the Forces 
of this Province. 

In the name & by order of the Committee. 

Wm. Pepperell. 

In Council, Jan. 25, 1745— Read & Sent down. 
In the House of Represent% Jan, 25, 1745— Read & Ac- 
cepted. Sent up for concurrence. 

T. Cushing, Speaks 
In Council, Jan. 25, 1745 — Read & concurred. 

J. Williard, Sec^ 

Consented to 

W. Shirley. 

Copy examin'^ pr. J. Williard Sec- . 

Saturday, Feby y^' 2'' 1745. Met according to adjourn- 
ment & the Com''' of both Houses on the subject of Gov"" 
Shirleys letter & some other papers laid before the House 
yesterday by his Exc'' having made their Report, it was 
brought into the House by Mr. Downing & Mr. Solly & read 
as follows : 

Province of New Hamp^'. 

The Committee of both Houses on the subject of his 
Excellency Governor Shirleys letter and some other papers 
laid before the Assembly this day by his Excellency : 

The Committee are of opinion that it is incumbent upon 
this Province to do all they can to forward & encourage 
the intended Expedition for the Reduction of Lonisburg or 
Cape Rreton, and humbly propose that (if proper methods 
may be concluded on for defraying the charge which the 
Committee are of opinion will be about four thousand 
pounds lawfull money) his Excellency the Captain General 
be desired to give forth his Proclamation to encourage the 
enlisting of two hundred & tifty volunteers under such 
proper officers as he shall appoint ; that each person so en- 
listing be allowed Twenty-five shillings pr month & that 
be delivered to each man a blanket, that one months pay be 
advanced and that they be entitled to all the i)lunder ; That 



y 10 NE^^' HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUlSIiURG. 

provision be made for the foriiishiiig of necessary warlike 
stores for the Exi)edition, that four months provision be 
laid in, that a Comittee be appointed to procure & fit ves- 
sels to serve as transports to be ready to dei)art by the 
beginning of March. 

Feb^ 1, 1745— Theodore Atkinson Peter Gilman 
Sami Smith Tho^ Millet 

John Downing Hen. Sherburne 

Sam' Solly. Moses Leavit. 

Voted, That afores'' Report of Com^^e j^g accepted & sent 
up for concurrance. 



Cape Breton Expedition — Plan of Operations* . 

Mem". In order for the attacking of Louisbourg this 
Spring by surprise its propos'd that 3000 Troops should 
Embark from hence in Sloops & Schooners and proceed for 
Canso, well armed which should be a place of Rendezvous 
it being within 20 Leagues of Louisbourg; and its being 
uncertain that so many vessels should be able to keep Com- 
pany together when they are arrived at said Poi-t, to take a 
favourable opportunity to sail from thence in order to be at 
Gaberous ])oint by Dusk, from whence it is but 3 Leagues 
from Louisbourg, then to push into the Bay, and as soon as 
said vessels are at an anchor to man as many whaleboats as 
they have & send them along the shore as neare as possible, 
which will make it the more difficult for them to be discov- 
ered, & when they come to the cove which faces the low 
part of the wall, there to land if the Sea will permit & scale 
that place if possible, & if otherwise as the Wall breaks off 
a little on the other side of the East gate, not far from that 
there are picketts put for a considerable distance across a 
pond over to the Wall on the Beach on the other side of 
the Pond, and as this Pond is frozen all the month of March 
its not very difficult to get over them : but if the weather 

*This paper was laid before the House, with the letter from Governor Shirley. 




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INDEX 
TO MAP OF THE SIEGE OF LOUISBOURG, 1745. 



A Laiidiii^' of New En^'laiul Men. 

/> ('iiiii[)()f Ijuit's keo'iineiit. 
C •• " PepperrelFs '^ 
D - •• VVillanr.s 
A' '^ ^' Moultoif.s 
F "■ *' Moore's 

(J First or Cireeii Hill Battery. 

H Second Battery. 

/ Third Battery. 

•/ Fourth, or Advanced Battery. 

K Fifth, or Titconih\s Battery, 

/y Liolitliouse P)attery. 

37 Island P>a.ttery ( French ). 

JV (xraud, or Royal Battery (French). 

Buiyino--oroiind. 

I* King-'s Bastion, or Citadel. 

V Barachois. 

R West Gate. 

*S' South Gate. 

7' Manrejias Gate. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISHURG. 11 

will not permit their landing in the above place let them 
proceed along the shore till they come to a long Range of 
Rocks that goes towards the Island, at the End of which is 
a Passage where the shallops go through, let them go in 
there and follow the Ledge of Rocks right back again, then 
they will land right against the East gate on a point, and 
as there are some Housea there, it will hinder their being 
seen, but one Boat ought to go first & surprise the People 
in those Houses a little time before the others come up. Each 
whale boat must have two ladders in them fifteen foot long 
which may be put in the middle of the Boat without hin- 
drance to the men ; but the Boatmen must lay still at this 
Point till they think the main body is got near the Town, 
& that a party of as many men as shall be judg'd proper 
shall be ready to attack the Grand Battery, its necessary it 
should be low water if no Drift Ice aground along the shore, 
for the remainder of the men to go round the Picketts that 
are by the north gate, and when they get round with Lad- 
ders of 15 feet long, they can scale the Wall facing the 
Harbour which is a Quarter of a mile round, and it will be 
absolutely necessary to apjjoint a Time to strike the blow 
all at once, which can be done by agreeing upon a certain 
hour just before Day, which is the Sleepiest Time, and the 
Commanding officer of each Detachment to know the time, 
and when the Time comes by his Watch to begin without 
further ceremony; The Enemy finding themselves attacked 
at so many different places at once its probable it will breed 
such confusion among them that.our men will have time to 
get in unmolested ; & it is to be observ'd that as the men 
march from the above point the low wall is on the left hand 
of the gate, and the Picketts on the right hand; as all the 
enemy's troops are in the citadel except a small guard or 
two it will be a considerable time before the men are drest 
& got ready to march out, and even then it is quite in the 
other End of the town. 

This is what probably may succeed, but least any accident 



12 NEW HAJNIPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

should happen to prevent it, it will be necessary to provide 
accordingly & in case our People should be disco ver'd & 
Repuls'd the above number of men being sufficient to com- 
mand the field, it will be necessary in order to reduce the 
place to have what shipping can possibly be got to cruise 
off the Harbour's Mouth in order to intercept their Provi- 
sion vessels which they Expect early being at this time very 
short of Provisions, as likewise to take any transports with 
men if any should come, and that our men may not be dis- 
courag'd at being repuls'd once, it will be necessary to send 
12 nine pounders & two small mortars with shells, &c. and 
a Quantity of Provisions, so to bombard them & endeavor 
to make Breaches in their Walls & then storm them : and 
should the shipping be so lucky as to take their Provisions 
and the land forces take all their cattle & keep them con- 
stantly employed, it will be impossible for them to hold the 
place till the last of July for want of provisions. 

Iji order tlie better to secure the Retreat in case a supe- 
riour naval F'orce to ours should come from France & drive 
ours oft" the Coast, it will be necessary to have two small 
vessels with about Two hundred men at Canso, & the day 
after the Fleet is sail'd for Louisbourg for them to sail so 
as to get in by night, and it being but six Leagues from 
Canso to St. Peters they can get there before day & sur- 
prise that place, which is an exceeding good harbour for 
small vessels, but has not Water sufficient for vessels of 
that size which will be able to drive ours off the Coast, so 
that the vessels for the Retreat will lay there safe, and the 
Troops be able to go to them by Land ; there will be an 
advantage besides this in surprising this place as there is 
alwaj's a number of Indians with their Families which keep 
with a French Priest at a small Distance from the French 
Inhabitants, and the Booty taken there will pay the Expence 
& more in taking it. It is to be observed that during the 
time our Troops lay siege to the Town, it will be in their 
power to send parties and Destroy all their Fishery on the 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOULSBUIIG. 13 

Island as well as the north side of the Harbour which would 
ruin their Fishery for four or five years ; and as it is impos- j 
sible to fail of taking the Royal Battery at least, that would 
in a great measure hiy open their Harbour exposed unto an 
attack by Sea from England, as the new Batterys in the 
Town in the greatest part of the Ambrozers, there are no 
guns & there are two gates that are made in Diamond fash- 
ion facing the Harbour that can be beat down in an instant 
the peices not being but 2 inches & an half thick. 

N. B. The full complement of Troops is 700 out of 
which deductions must be made of 50 for each of the two 
Batteries, viz. the Royal & Ishmd Batteries, & 50 for Death, 
sickness &c. which reduce them to 550, and the other fight- 
ing men in the Town do not exceed 300, and that the Swiss 
Troops which are their best Troops are exceeding Discon- 
tented & mutinous; also that at St. Peters there may be 
about 200 men in scatter'd houses, and in the suburbs of the 
Towji of Louisbourg without the Walls about 200. it is 
improbable that more than two 30 or 40 Gun ships should 
come with Mr. Duviver who may be expected the first with 
Recruits & supplies, and in case the naval Force that comes 
should be superiour to our naval Force, that our 3000 men 
would command the Field, & continue so till they could be 
protected & Reiuforc'd from England. 

Indorsed, "Cape Britton 

Exped" — Plan of operation, Feb>' 1, 1745 — " 

His Exc'' sent down y*" following written Message by 
Coll. Downing & Mr. Solly: 

Gre7itlemen of the Assembly^ 

In Consequence of your message of the 2'^ Inst. I express'd 
a messenger to Boston in order to get the Proclamations 
necessary to be Dispersed throughout the Province for 
encouragiug the Expedition to Louisburgh printed, which 
I have this moment received, & as soon as the sheriff 
attends on me shall order them to be dispersed. 

B. Wentwojith. 

Council Chamber, In Portsm'' Feb^' 5"' 1745. 



14 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOULSBURG. 

Message of His Excellency. 

Gentlemen of the Assembly, 

By your message of this day, I find the disposition of 
the House is to augment the forces to Louisburgh to four 
or five hundred men, saik)rs included, which is very pleas- 
ing to me; and if the House will send up a Resolve on 
that subject & in what manner they propose to pay the 
Expence, it will facilitate the other bill that now lays 
before me, which at present appears very difficult ; — but 
by no means [)Ut off the augmentation or the charge to a 
further day. 

Council Chamber in B. Wentworth. 

Portsm° Feb^ 12. 1715— 

February 14, 1745, Mr. Secretary came down with the 
following Message from his Exc^: His Ex'^^' recomends it 
to the House to pass a vote that the officers & soldiers in 
ys Province for the Expedition ag*' Louisburg have y*" 
same pay as in the Massachusetts, w''' he ap[)rehends 
would be for the encouraging the affairs going on. 

Voted That the ColUmel, Lt. Collonel & Major, Captains 
& all under officers that are or shall be appointed to com- 
mand the voluntiers voted by the Gen' Assembly to go on 
the Expedition ag''' Louisburg have the same allowances 
made them pr month as are allowed by the (Jovernment of 
the Mass: Bay on y^ s'' Expedition, provided each Com- 
pany consists of forty men or upwards, & that the Captains 
have the same allowance for enlisting men in proportion to 
the number of men in each Company & that no Capt, be 
entitled to the bounty for enlisting men untill his Com- 
pany be compleated; 

Voted, That the same encouragement be given to private 
Centinalls & sailors that will enlist as voluntiers on y*" 
Exped" ag^'^ Louisburgh as is given in y*" Prov. of Mass" 
Bay, 



NliW HAMPSHIIIE INIEN AT LOT^FSBXTRG 



15 



EatahU^hment of the officers' Pay in Massachusetts on thf 



Expedition ar/a 

Generall pr month 

Colloiiell . 

Lt. Coll . 

Major 

Adjutant . 

Capt. 

Lieut 

2'^ Lieut . 

Sergent 

Corporal . 

Clerk 

Surgeon Gen" . 

Under Surgeon 

Drum Major 

Comon Drum' . 

Chaplain . 

Capt of y^ Artillery 

Lieut 

Qr. Gunner 

2 Bombarders . 

Do Assistance . 

Armorer . 



inst Louishourgh, 1745. 



. <£15 




12 




10 




8 




4 


: 10 


4 


• 10 


3 




2 




1 


10 


1 


8 


4 




5 




4 : 


10 


1 : 


12 


1 




4 : 


10 


9 




4 : 


10 


2 




4 




1 : 


12 


1 : 


12 



len that Inlist, viz. 
is nieutioned in the 



Incouragement for the 

To each man besides what 

Proclamation by way of Bounty, old Tenor, 
To Billiting money from the Time of Inlisting 

pr. week to pay from the time of Inlisting 
To each Capt. over & above his pay for his 

Expences in Visiting his Company, okl 

Ten'- 



^4 



9.^» 



Further to lucourage men to Inlist it is proposed that 
the VVi(hnvs or nearest rehitives of any offcer or soldier 



L^ 



16 NEW HAMPSHIRE INFEN AT LOl'lSBUEG. 

that is slain or shall otherwise loose his life in the service, 
shall be entitled to four months pay. 

And that the wives of any oiiicer or soldier in the Expe- 
dition or any other person that appears with a power of 
Attorney duly authenticated, shall at the end of every 
month receive out of the Treasury half or all the wages of 
such officer or soldier as he appears for which will greatly 
encourage the })resent Expedition. 

Boston Feb'' 26, 1745. 
Sir — 

I am extremely glad to hear of your good prospect of 
completing your Regiment in time: All things will be 
ready here for the Imbarcation of our fleet by the end of 
the week as the committee informs me, so I shonld be glad 
of your being ready with yours as soon as may be; what- 
ever you want for the 150 men to go w"' m}^ commissions 
& in the pay of this government, be pleased to send to me 
for it by Express and you shall have it instantly. 

I think the essential thing is the number of men in the 
whole ; and y' it is not absolutely necessary y^ there should 
be exactly 50 men in each company, if there are 40 in one 
and 60 in another, all the things may be set right by pro- 
portioning the service in the field; and indeed if a com- 
pany does not consist of less y" 40 men I think we ought 
not to be critical. 

I am w"' much & respect 

y' Excelencys most 

Obedient humble servant 

W. Shiiiley. 
His Exc>. Gov' Wentworth. 

Boston, March 27, 1745. 
Sir— 

I shonld have mentioned y' this morning Donahoe sail'd 
with another sloop under his convoy having on board a 
company of 50 men to reconnoitre the Coast, &c. and to 



NEW HAMPSHIIIE MEN AT LOUISBUKG. 17 

clear it ag*' the arrival of the Fleet, and if it should hap- 
pen y' your Transports should get the start of ours, I am 
advis'd y' it would be safest for 'era to stop at Whitehead 
Harbour ab* 5 or 6 Leagues short of Canso, till the arrival 
of ours y' there may be as little danger as is possible of 
occasioning intelligence being convey'd to the Enemy by 
any little vessell to the Eastward of Canso, w-^' may dis- 
cover 'em ; and if you approve of it I shall be glad if you 
order it accordingly. I am inform'd y*^ Mr. Sparhawk has 
got some very good cutlasses and some firelocks w'*' it is 
doubted are not extraordinary : If you will be pleas'd to 
take the trouble of api)ointing some skillfull person to 
view both of "em, and in case they or either of 'em are 
approv'd of, desire him to put such as are approved on 
board one (jf your Transports for the use of our Troops as 
spare arms, I shall be oblig'd to you, and our Committee 
will pay him for 'em. But if they are not good I would not 
have 'em. We forgot to put up among the Stores for our 
150 men in your Regiment Gunpowder and Ball : If you 
will be pleas'd to supply 'em with three half barrels of 
powder and a like proportion of Ball for their passage, I 
shall be oblig'd to you, and will repay you by the first 
o[)portunity ; The Blankets and money not used be pleas'd 
to return by a convenient opportunity. I must beg the 
favour of you to indulge Mr. Bollan in his Inclos'd request, 
if no inconvenience will attend it. 1 have so much fatigue 
yt I ^ytii great difficulty hold out, but not without having 
impair'd my health. 

God send us both a good riddance of our Trouble and 
an happy Event to the Expedition. 
I am sincerely. 

Your Excy*" faithfull, humble servant 

W. Shirley. 
To his Exc^ Gov. Wentworth. 



18 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

Boston May-13-1745 

Sir 

As to the agreement your Excellency mentions to be 
made between you and me, that the Companies to be 
rais'd in your Government should consist of 40 men each, 
and that three companys of 60 men each should at all 
Events be rais'd by you to be in the pay of this Govern- 
ment & added to your companies, I am apt to think may 
be a mistake. 

It is certain that I always intended and understood the 
agreement to be that you should if you pleas'd raise as 
many men to be in the pay of this Province as would make 
up your 350 a Regiment of 500 men. 

I can't pretend to recollect every expression which may 
have dropped from my pen on this affair between us; But 
I am satisfied the agreement you mention is so foreign to 
my intention that upon perusing my letters again and com- 
paring 'em vi^ith your own you will find the real agreement 
to be, that all the men not exceeding 150 to be raised by 
you over and above the Quota of 350 Voted by your 
Assembly, should be paid and subsisted by this Govern- 
ment. The reason of my mentioning to you the vote of 
the Assembly of this Province for reducing our Companies 
from 50 men in each to 40, was to remove the difficulty of 
their first vote which I was afraid might ly in your way as 
it did in mine here, by which no Captain that had not 
raised 50 men was entituled to have his Company received 
into pay ; whereas by the second vote fourty men was to 
be received as a Company, which I found an ease to me in 
raiseing my own Levies, but whatever I have said in that 
respect was not designed in the least as a proposal or 
agreement that your Companys should be only eight in 
number and consist of no more than 40 men Each, and 
that at all events this Province was to pay & subsist 150 
men of New Hampshire Regiment. But upon the whole I 
ever understood that this Government was to pay and sub- 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOULSBURG. 19 

sist as many men not exceeding 150 as you should raise 
within your Province over and above your own Govern- 
ments Quota of 350 & no more. 
T am with great respect 

Sir— your Excellencys most obedient 

humble servant 

VV. Shirley. 
His Exc^ Gov'' Went worth. 

The New Hampshire Adjutant-General's Report, Vol. 2, 
1866, contains the rolls of the seven companies in Colonel 
Moore's regiment, over his own signature, dated at Louis- 
burg, November 20, 1745. The adjutant-general quotes 
Dr. Belknap, as follows: 

"Thus, Dr. Belknap states that Col. Moore's regiment 
consisted of eight companies, when the return of his regi- 
ment, over his own signature, shows but seven companies." 

We think the following letter of Governor Wentworth 
will show the eighth company, as it was one of the com- 
panies not returned by Colonel Moore. 



Letter from His Excellency Betminc/ We7itivorth, Esq., Gov- 
ernor of Neiv Hampshire, to Lt. General Pepperell. 

March 23^' 1745. 
Sr. 

T herewith transmitt to you a List of the Transports 
employ'd by this Government for the service of the Expe- 
dition against the French at Louisbuig, also what Trans- 
ports are employ'd to transport the one hundred & fifty 
men, in the pay of the Massachusetts Government, which 
are aggregated to the Regiment, whereof I have appointed 
Sam' Moore, Esq. Colonel. Also I think proper to acquaint 
you that I have appointed Capt. Fernald Commander of a 
Sloop fitted out by this Government, in a warlike manner, 
to annoy his Majesty's Enemies, and to guard and convoy 



20 NEW HAMrSHIEE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

the Transports. I have also appointed the said Jn° .Fer- 
nald a Capt of a Company in Col. Moore's Regiment to act 
either by Land or by sea, as the service may require it. 
I have thought it necessary, in order to preserve the Com- 
mand you are appointed to, that you have the intire com- 
mand and disposition of the Regiment and Transports, also 
of the Sloop of War, And I do hereby put the same abso- 
lutely under your command, hereby requiring them to 
obey you, as their Commander-in-Chief, and to follow such 
orders and commands as from time to time they or either 
of them shall receive from you. 

Sr — y'^ Hum : serv* 

B. Wentworth. 

Lieutenant-general William Pepperell, of Kittery, Me., 
was commander-in-chief of the land forces, sailors, and 
marines on board the transports and the armed vessels that 
convoyed the troops to Louisburg — the total number of 
men, probably 4,000, and all furnished by the provhices of 
New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode 
Island.* 

Governor Wentworth's proclamation for enlisting sol- 
diers and sailors for the Louisburg expedition not on 
record, or copy known to be in existence. 



Off for Louisburg. 

After two months' discussion of measures by the Assem- 
bly and Council, then in session at Portsmouth, to raise 
men and money to defray expenses, the expedition was 
ready, and sailed from Portsmouth March 23'' O. S., or 
April 4"' N. S., 1745 — several days before the Massachu- 
setts troops left Boston. The New Hampshire regiment 
was 500 strong, under the command of Col. Samuel Moore^ 
of Portsmouth ; eight companies, and probably three com- 

*Did not arrive at Louisburg until after the fort was captured. 



NEW HAMPSHLllE MEN AT LOUISBUKG. 



21 



panics (150 men ) of New Hampshire in the pay of Massa- 
chusetts, in Colonel Moore's regiment. On this point 
there has been a wide diversity of opinion, as there is not, 
as far as is now known, a single muster or jjay-roll in 
existence. It was customary at that time in the English 
service for the field officers to have command of companies 
as colonel and captain at the same time. In order to sub- 
stantiate my view that there were eleven companies in 
Colonel Moore's regiment, of 45 men to each company, the 
names of all the commissioned officers, date of commission, 
and date of discharge, are given, all the others being 
recruits, after the capture of Louisburg, June 17, 1745. 



Names. 

Moore, Samuel, 
Meserve, Nathaniel, 2d, 
Oilman, Ezekiel, 
*Mason, John T., 
Seaward, William, 
IFernald, John, 
Sherburne, Henry, 
Ladd, Daniel, 
tHale, Samuel, 
Whidden, James, 
Waldron, Thomas W., 
Dudley, Trueworthy, 
Tilton, Jacob, 
Williams, Edward, 
§Wise, John, 
Sherburne, Joseph, 



Hart, John, 
Leavett, Samuel, 
White, Samuel, 
IIFlagg, John, 

* No company; independent command. 

t Captain of armed sloop Abigail. 

X Promoted to major Oct. 16, 1745. 

§ Captain of armed sloop. 

II Promoted to captain. No date. 



Rank. 


Date of 


Date of 




Commission. 


Discharge. 


Colonel. 


Feb. 


12, 1745. 


Aug. 


15, 1746. 


Colonel. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Nov. 


11, 1745. 


Major. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Nov. 


11, 1745. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


31, 1745. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Nov. 


10, 1745. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Nov. 


11, 1745. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


June 


28, 1745. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


4, 1745. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


15, 1746. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Nov. 


10, 1745. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


6, 1745. 


Captain. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


21, 1745. 


Captain. 


Marcli 


I 1, 1745. 


Nov. 


11, 1745. 


Captain. 


Marcl] 


I 2, 1745. 


Feb. 


6, 1746. 


Captain. 


April 


15, 1745. 


No date. 


Captain. 


June 


6, 1745. 


June 


30, 1746. 


Lieutenants. 








Rank. 


Date of 


Date of 




Commission. 


Disi 


jharge. 


Lieutenant, 


, Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


31, 1745. 


Lieutenant 


. Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


6, 1745. 


Lieutenant 


. Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Oct. 


9, 1745. 


Lieutenant 


. Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


30, 1745. 



22 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBUIIG. 



Daniels, Eliphalet, 


Lieutenant. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


31, 


1745, 


Foss, Zachariali, 


Lieutenant. 


Feb. 


13, 174.5. 


Nov. 


14, 


1745, 


Wheelwright, Jeremiah 


, Lieutenant. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


22, 


1745. 


Dudley, James, 


Lieutenant. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Aug. 


7, 


1745, 


Wingate, Moses, 


Lieutenant. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


30, 


1745. 


Mattoon, Richard, 


Lieutenant. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Nov. 


11, 


1745, 


Robie, Samuel, 


Lieutenant. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


30, 


1745, 


Connor, Samuel, 


Lieutenant. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


31, 


1745. 




Ensigns. 










Names. 


Rank. 


Date of 


Date of 






Commission. 


Discharge. 


*Newmarch, Thomas, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


June 


20, 


1746. 


tBrown, Edmund, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


1, 


1746. 


Tufts, Thomas, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


6, 


1745. 


Wormall, Daniel, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Nov. 


11, 


1745. 


IPitman, Ezekiel, Jr., 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Nov. 


10, 


1745. 


Huntress, Christopher, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


31, 


1745. 


Brooks, Edward, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


31, 


1745. 


Pickeriu, Thomas, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Aug. 


7, 


1745. 


Sleeper, Joseph, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


22, 


1745. 


Ham, Clement, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


Sept. 


30, 


1745. 


Perkins, Robert, 


Ensign. 


Feb. 


13, 1745. 


July 


31, 


1745. 



The above-named officers were commissioned by Ben- 
ning Wentvvorth, the governor of the province of New 
Hampshire. 

Lieutenant-general Pepperell, at Canso, April 15, com- 
missioned Abraham Trefethen, captain ; Jonathan Gilman, 
lieutenant ; Philip Yeaton, ensign. 

Recruits. 

Friday-June-8-1745. 

The House met according to adjournment. 

Voted, That Eleaz' Russel Esq. Mr. Henry Sherburne 
jun. & Tho* Bell Esq. be a Com*^*^^ of this House to join 
with such as may be appointed by y*^ Hon'''*' Council to 
consider of 3^*^ subject matter of his Excel-^ Gov'' Shirly & 
Lieut. Gen' Pepperells Letters relating to a Reinforcement 

* Promoted to lieutenant Oct. 5. 
t Promoted to lieutenant Oct. 1. 
X Promoted to lieutenant June 20. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEX AT LOUISBUn(;. 23 

of our army at Louisbnrg & to consider what is proper for 
this Province to do & to make Re[)ort to the Gen^ Court as 
soon as may be. 

The Com'*''' for considering the subject matter of his 
Exc'' Gov'' Shirlys & Lieut Gen' Pepperrells Letters relat- 
ing a Reinforcement of the Army before Louisburgh, 
report as follows : 

The Com*'''' are humbly of opinion that (when proper 
methods may be agreed upon by the Gen' Assembly for 
defraying the charge) his Exc^ the Capt. Gen' be desired 
to issue forth his Proclamation for the Encouraging the 
enlisting of one hundred voluntiers under such proi)er 
ofificers as he may think proper to be employ'd in the 
Expedition against Louisburgh giving them the same 
Encouragement as was given to y" last voluntiers inlisted 
for said Expedition. 



Prov. of ) In ye House of Represent June ) Jotliam Odiorn 
N. Hampr f 10th 1745, Read and accepted & > R. Wibird 

sent up for concurrence ) Saml Solly , ^^oni- 

Eleazr Russell ^ mittee 
Hen. Sherburne 
Thos Bell 



Com- 



Wednesclay June 12"' 1745. 

The House met according to adjournment. 

Mr. Secretary Atkinson came into the House & inform 
them that y*" vote on Louisburgh Expedition, Com'*'^^ 
Report for one Hund'' men were concurr'd & assented to 
by the Governor. 

Tuesday July 2'' 1745. 

The House met according to adjournment. 

Mr. Secretary bro't into y'' House a written message 
from his Excellency representing the Probability of 20 men 
being raised more than are voted for & Desiring to know 
whether y'' House would have them Embark'd &c. and 
then the House adjourned for two Hours. 



24 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

His Excelle7icy''s Message. \ 

Q-entlemen of the Assembly 

It is very probable that about twenty men more than 
what are voted to be raised for the reinforcement of our 
troops now before Louisbiirgh, may appear, in which case 
I shall be glad to have your Resolve whether it will not be 
expedient to Imbark them, as it will greatly relieve the 
Forces now there from the hard duty they have so long 
undergone. 

I shall also be glad to have your mind signified whether 
it be your Intent to have the Reinforcement Imbarked in 
case news should arrive before Imbarkation of the reduc- 
tion of Louisburgh. 



Council Chamber in 
Portsmouth, July 2d, 1745. 



B. Wentworth. 



Saturday July 6"' 1745. 



Met according to adjournment. 

In answer to his ExclP'^ message by Mr. Secretary to 
know y*^ opinion of y*^ House about sending the Reinforce- 
ment for the army at Cape Britton & whether if twenty 
men more than y*^ hundred appear'd the House were will- 
ing they should be sent, 

Voted, That the Reinforcement be sent away with all 
possible Dispatch & that if twenty men more or any 
smaller number appeared as voluntiers they also be sent 
with them at the pul)lick expense. 



Statement of the Condition of the Men at Louisburg, 1745. 

To His Excellency the Governor, the Honorable the Coun- 
cil, and House of Representatives, of His Majesties Prov- 
ince of New Hampshire. — 
As we are refer'd to, in the preceeding Memorial, to give 

further Information, touching the State of our Soldiers; 

and authorized thereby, to Sollicit the Honorable Court in 



NEW HAjNIPSHIRK MEN AT LOUISBURG. 25 

their behalf; we humbly crave Leave, to offer this, as a 
Supplement thereto. — 

Besides the almost Naked Condition of those of our 
Troops, who went first to Cape Breton ; Some of them are 
So enfeebled, by reason of the Length and Hardships of 
the Siege, & for want of necessary Comfoi-ts, in the Time 
of it, as renders them unfit for further Service, till Re- 
cruited ; others are Languishing under Sicknesses, of 
Various kinds, and most of them, are overrun with Lice, 
for want of Change of Apparel, which renders their Case 
still more uncomfortable. Whereupon, we humbly recom- 
mend, those Poor but brave men, to your Excellency's & 
Honour's wise. Just, and Compassionate Consideration, 
Earnestly beseeching, that Such of them as desire it, may 
be immediatly dismissal, and bro't back to their Native 
Country, their Families, & Friends ; that it may never be 
Said, they bravely fought themselves into a Prison ; for, 
what Else can be Said of it If they are Compell'd to tarry, 
after the Expedition is Ended, as we apprehend it is, and 
that in a most Compleat and effectual Manner : For that, 
His Excelleucys Proclamation of the 2 of February Last, 
proposed an Expedition, for the Reduction of the French 
Settlements, on the Island of Cape Breton, & not for the 
garrisoning of them : and the Enlistment, was in Conse- 
quence thereof, (namely,) for Reducing, & not for garri- 
soning, and we humbly appeal, to your Excellency's & 
Honors Judgment, whether, reducing and garrisoning, be 
not two things, quite different^ and Distinct from each 
other ; and if so, whether the Troops of the first Embarka- 
tion, mayn't demand a discharge, as a Right and Justice 
due to them, instead of Solliciting for it, as an Act of 
Grace. But, on the other hand, if it Should be Said, that 
by the Expedition was meant and intended, that Louis- 
bourg Should be garrison'd (in case of Success,) by those 
who should reduce it; It may be Answer'd, that Such In- 
tention, cant Rationally be Extended further, than till 



26 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

other Troops, might be rais'd to reHeve them ; aiid'more 
than three Months, is already Pass'd, Since the Surrender; 
a Space doubly Sufficient for that Purpose. — 

We take Leave further to Propose, that in Consideration, 
the Plunder (which was expected would be great,) turns 
out, to be but a very Triffle, they May have an additional 
Grant of Bounty, as a further Reward, of their Toil, Haz- 
ard, and Bravery, as the Massachusetts Troops have al- 
ready had. — 

As to those, whose Lot may be to tarrj' over the Winter, 
Whether by Choice, or Compulsion, (if any Should be 
Compell'd so to Do,) We humbly propose, that besides an 
Augmentation of their Wages, and a Grant of Apparell, 
and Bedding, Suitable for the Climate and Season ; they 
May have an Augmentation of their allowance of Rum & 
Molasses, to half a Pint of Each, for Each Man "^ Day, 
and a Couple of Quarts of Small Beer also, the Waters 
there, being exceeding bad, and very unwholesome to 
Drink : that there may be a Surplus of Stores, of all kinds, 
to be Purchased of the Commissary, at a Stated Price, and 
that there may be a Provision of Physic, as well as of Food 
& Cloathing; and that Each Cap*^ may have a Copy, of the 
Invoices of the Stores & Cloaths Sent for the Soldiers, with 
the Prices of those Commodities, that they may be Sent 
for Sale ; that the Care, the Justice, & the goodness of the 
Honorable Court, may be made known to every individual 
Man. — 

As the Season of the year is far advanced, and the Sol- 
diers greatly distressed ; Some For Want of a Discharge, 
and other for want of Necessarys and Conveniences, to 
make their Lives Comfortable, We humbly Pray, that what 
we have offered, may have the earliest Consideration & 
Dispatch, that is Possible. 

And your Memorialists as in Duty bound Shall Ever 

Prav 

T. W. Waldron 

Portsmouth Sep' 24 1745 Jonathan Present 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 



27 



Miscellaneous. — JSFofes, prior to, during, a7id after the Siege 
of Louishurg . 

It appears from Gov. Wentworth's proclamation, or en- 
listment papers to the captains, for the enlisting of sol- 
diers, and sailors, no particular time was inserted for their 
discharge, after the surrender of the fortress, the men were 
clamorous for their discliarge, and not being complied with, 
caused considerable trouble, some of them were held until 
the arrival of troops from Great Britain, May 24, 1746, 
when 1500 were released. 

The Louisburg expedition cost the province of New 
Hampshire, as reported by a committee of the Assembly, 
June 3, 1747, 26,489 pounds, 16 shillings, 8^ pence. Procla- 
mation money. 

Great Britain reimbursed the Province of New Hamp- 
shire, 16,355 pounds sterling. The money arrived in 
Boston, Sept. 18, 1749. The British fleet, commanded by 
Commodore Peter Warren, arrived before Louisburg at the 
commencement of hostilities, \vith the following vessels 
of war : 



Superb 


60 


guns 


Launceston 


40 




Mermaid . 


40 




* — Vigilant . 


64 




May 22 — Princes Mary . 


60 




" — Hector . 


40 




June 10 — Chester . 


50 




" 12 — Canterbury 


60 




'•'• " — Sunderland 


60 




'' "—Lark 


40 




u "—Eltham . 


40 





This immense fleet of vessels 
in the assaults on the fortress, w 



)f war took no active part 
th the exception of a few 



♦Captured from the French, and manned by New England sailors. 



28 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBUUG. 

gunners, who went ashore to instruct Pepperell's men in 
the management of their batteries. 

Capt. Edward Tyngwasin command of the Massachusetts 
Colonial squadron of seven vessels, carrying 108 guns. 

Capt. John Fernald, of Portsmouth, commanded the sloop 
Abigail, of 14 guns, that convoyed the New Hampshire 
troops. 

Two sloops from Connecticut, 30 guns, one armed 
vessel from Rhode Island, 20 guns,* with one hundred 
and fifty soldiers. 

Belknap's History of New Hampshire. 

" The fortress of Louisburg was so strong as to called. 
The Dunkirk of America ; and had been twenty-five years 
in building, and cost 1,200,000 pounds Sterling, 

"This expedition originated in Massachusetts, but the 
colonies of New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Connecti- 
cut by their legislative authority, furnished troops and 
stores. New York sent a supply of artillery, Pennsylvania, 
and New Jersey, provisions and clothing." The assault on 
the Island battery, defended by 180 men, and 30 cannon, 
was disastrous to the 400 provincial troops who made the 
assault, nearly one half being either killed, drowned, or 
taken prisoners. 

The French loss during the entire siege, is reported to 
have been 200 men. 

When Duchambon, the Governor of Cape Breton, sur- 
rendered to Generel Pepperell, there was turned over to 
him, 1,900 prisoners, 125 large cannon, 19 mortars, stores 
of provisions, enough to last six months. 

General Amherst, commanding the land forces, and Ad- 
miral Boscawen, of the British navy, captured Louisburg, 
July 26, 1758, and completely destroyed the splendid for- 
tress, and it remains so to this date. 

No enumeration of the number of the inhabitants of New 
Hampshire, was made until 17(37, when there were 52,700. 

*Did not arrive in Louisburg until after the fortress was taken. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG, 29 

The ratable polls returned in 1742 as 5,172, with Not- 
tingham, Barrington, and Gosport, missing. Call the 
number of ratable polls in 1715, 6,000, and multiply by 
4.50, would give the number of inhabitants in New 
Hampshire in 1745 as 27,000. 

France declared war against Great Britain March 15, 
1744, N. S. 

Great Britain declared war against France, March 29, 
1744, O. S. 

After the treaty of peace, October 7, 1748, Louisburg 
was turned over to the French intact, and the British 
troops evacuated Louisburg July 12, 1749. And the 
provinces gained practically nothing for their blood and 
treasure expended during the war. 

The pay of the soldiers in provincial currency was 
twenty-five shillings a month, or less than sixpence a day, 
sterling, the soldier furnishing his own clothing and gun. 

From Parkman's, ''A Half Century of Contiict": 

^ The New England soldier fancied that he was doing 
the work of God. And the descendant of the Puritans was 
never so well pleased as when teaching their duty to other 
people, whether by pen, voice, or bombshells. The ragged 
artillerymen, battering the walls of papistical Louisburg, flat- 
tered themselves with the notion that they were champions 
of gospel truth. Barefoot and tattered, they toiled on 
with indomitable pluck, doing the work which oxen could 
not do, with no comfort but their daily dram of New Eng- 
land rum." 

" Maine, then a part of Massachusetts, furnished full one 
third of the men of the Massachusetts contingent." 

According to Parkman, the winter of 1746 must have 
been terrible, on account of sickness, "At the end of Jan- 
uary, five hundred, and sixty one had died" 

" On May 10, 1746, Governor Shirley writes to Newcastle, 
that eight hundred and ninety men, had died during the 
winter " 



30 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBUEG. 

From Douglas, North America: 

'* outside the Maurepas Gate, by the old lime-Kiln, the 
forgotten bones of above five hundred New England men 
lie there to this day, under the coarse neglected grass " 

There is in the library of the New Hampshire Historical 
society at Concord, a book containing two hundred and 
sixty j)ages, inscribed as follows : " A List of Prisoners tryed 
at General Court Martial held at Louisburg, in the Island 
of Cape Breton, in the years 1746—1747 & 1748." And has 
the appearance of being, and undoubtedly is, the original 
journal. 

The officers of the New Han)pshire troops on their return 
home, presented a bell (which has since been re-cast) that 
they had captured at Louisburg, to Queen's Chapel, Ports- 
mouth. The peal of the brazen-tongued messenger from 
the grim old fortifications of Louisburg is still heard from 
the tower of St John's church. 

From Barstow's History of New Hampshire : 

" Louisburg was situated on a neck of land south of one 
of the finest harbors on the island. The city was sur- 
rounded by a wall of stone thirty-six feet high." 

William Vaughan of Portsmouth is said to have been the 
originator of the Louisburg expedition. 

Not a man in the expedition had previously seen Louis- 
burg. 

Distance from Portsmouth to Louisburg about six hun- 
dred miles. 

The city of Louisburg, at the time of its capture, con- 
tained 5,000 inhabitants, exclusive of the troops. 






«^' 



•// 



— «5B 



X 









;x 


^ 










^"*/r 


--. 


* ,- 




kr r 








; o 


/ 




f •"'X 






i 



INDEX 

TO PLAN OF LOUISBOURG, 1745. 

From a Subvey by Lieutenant-Colonel K. Gridley. 



A Dauphin's Bastion and West Gate. 
B King^'s Bastion, or Citadel. 
C Queen's Bastion. 
7> Princess's Bastion and South Gate. 
E Maurepas Bastion and East Gate. 
1111 Glacis. 
2i2 Ditch. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 



31 



IS'EW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN THE LOUISBURG EXPEDITION, 1745. 



Names. 



Re.sidence. 



Enlisted. Rank 



Company. 



Reg't. 



Corp. 
Private 

Sergt. 
Private 



Atkinson, John [ Feb. 13 Private 

Ackers, Joseph Exeter i " 

Addison, Jonas j ' " 

Atkinson, Joseph Brentwood " 

Adams, John L(»ndonderry. . June 20 " 

Ambrose, Jonathan Exeter ' " 

Aylmer, Valentine " 

Abbott, Joseph Dover Feb. 13 " 

Allen, Daniel Greenland " 

Abbott, John " 

' Allcock, John Portsmouth Feb. 13 " 

Arickson, Samuel " 

Barker, John Feb. 13 " 

Black, Adam " " 

Blake, John, Jr.. Kensington " 

1 Broughton, Noah Portsmouth " 

Brown, Isaac " 

Batt, Thomas 

Bell, Timothy 

Bickford, Jethro Newington 

Boothby , Jonathan j Portsmouth - 

Brewster, Richard " 

Brown, Caleb Brentwood i 

Brown, John " 

Boardman, John Feb. 13 

Blake, Samuel Kensington 

Bean, Ed ward ' 

Bean, Nathaniel Feb. 13 

Berry, Joseph ; " 

- Bunker, Benjamin Durham 

Buss, Joseph Dover 

Russell, Jacob " 

Bussell, John " 

Blake, Timothy Hampton Falls 

Bond, Jonathan 

3 Brown, Edmund Hampton Falls 

Bennett, Abraham 

Brewster, John 

Barber, Joseph • 

Blake, Josiah * 

Bassett, Richard 

Bean, Daniel Kingston Feb. 13 

Bickford, Eleazer Durham " 

Blake, Samuel, Jr Kensington 

* Blaster, Joseph 

Brooks, Edward Portsmouth 

Buntin, Samuel 

Center, Abraham 

Claridge, Thomas 

Colbath, Pitman Newmarket 

Colbath, Joseph 

Colbath, Benjamin Newington. 

Cooper, Jonathan 

Cooper, John , 

Cloyd, James Brentwood . 

Coney, Jack 

Creighton, George Exeter " 

Carter, John Londonderry.. June20 " 

Cass, Abner ." " 

Cotton, John Portsmouth Feb. 13 Sergt. 

Cunningham, Robert . . Londonderry.. June 20 Priva*^e 

Chapman, John Kensington " 

Chase, Enoch I " 



April 15 



Feb. 13 



Sergt. 
Private 

Ensign 
Private 



Mariner 
Ensign 
Private 



Moore's. 
Light's.. 



Sherburne's 



Hale's — 
Whidden's 

Moore's 



Fellows's . 



Moore's. 



Light's.. 

Sherburne's 
Prescott's 
Hale's ... 



Williams's. 

Whidden's. 
Trefethen's 



Fellows's , 



Light's 

Sherburne' 



Prescott's. 



1 Taken prisoner. 



2 Promoted to Ensign Aug. 10. 
Oct. 1. 1 Killed. 



'■ Promoted to Lieutenant 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 33 

NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN THE LOUISBURG EXPEDITION, 1745.— Con*. 



Names. 



Residence. 



Enlisted. Rank. 



Company. 



Reg't. 



Challis, Thoma.s 

Choate, Jonathan Kingston . 

Clifford, William 

Cram, Benjamin 

Cash, Thomas Dover I Feb. 13 

Clark, Josiah I 

Clark, Stephen 

Cook, Ebenezer Dover 

Critchet, James. . . 

Calfe, Robert Chester. 



Prescott's. . I Moore's . 



Hale.s. 



Exeter 
Hampton Falls 



Newcastle 



Cass, Nason 

Cram, Daniel 

Cucknet, William.. 
Cummin, Benjamin 

Card, Edward 

Card , Thomas 

Colby, Spencer Portsmouth.. 

Crimble, Charles I 

Carty, John 

1 Cass", Jonathan ' Kensington Feb. 13 

Clark, Alexander Oct. 17 

Conner, .Samuel i Feb. 13 

2 Cotton, Timothy Portsmouth " 

Dalton, Benjamin " 

Dunkin, John " 

Dam, Jonathan 

Downinj?, Joseph ' 

Dunn, Thomas j 

Dolloff , Amos Exeter 

Dolloff, David 

Dudley, Joseph 

Dudley, Joseph, Jr 

Davis, Moses 

Davis, William 

Dow, Charles 

Dow, Nathan Kensington 

Dam, William Dover 

Daniels, David " 

Drew, Zebulon " 

Durgin, William 

3 Dudley, Trueworthy... Exeter ; Feb. 13 

■i Daniels, Eliphalet Durham i " 

Doe, Daniel " " 

Daniels, Benjamin Apr. 15 

Davison, Dudley j " 

Dam, George Portsmouth Feb. 13 

Dam, Way mouth 

Dam, Theophilus Newington Feb. 13 

Dacker, David Portsmouth " 

Dearborn, Shubael Hampton 

Dent, John Kingston 

Denerson, John Portsmouth 

Dolloff, John 

Dow, Jeremiah Hampton 

Downer, Andrew 

'■'Dudley, James Exeter Feb. 13 

"Dunn," Nicholas Portsmouth " 

'Emery, Anthony Hampton " 

Elliot," Abraham 

Edgerly,John 

Ealet, John 

Eastman, Samuel 

Evans, Stephen j Dover Feb. 13 



Sergt. 
Private 



Feb. 13 Mariner 



Williams's. 



Whidden's. 
Trefethen's! 
Fernald's ..; 



Surgeon 

Lieut. 

Private 



Moore's. 
Fellows'; 

Light's.. 
Prescott's 



Hale's 



Capt. Dudley's .. 

Lieut. Fernald's.. 

Mariner " 

" Trefethen's 



Private 



Sergt. 

Private 

Officer 

Lieut. 

Private 

Surgeon 

Private' Fellows's . 

" Light's 

" Prescott's 

" Hale's 



Moore's. 



' Died Sept. 13, 1745. - Taken prisoner. ^ Discharged July 21. * Wounded 
and prisoner. ^ Discharged Aug. 7. "Killed. ' Mass. Artillery Co. 
3 



NEW HAMrSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURCi. 35 

NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN THE LOUISBURG EXPEDITION, 1745.— ('on«. 



Names. 



Residence. 



Enlisted. 



Rank. 



Company. 



Reg't. 



Feb. 13 



Ellest, John 

Emery, Daniel , 

Edgerly, Samuel Brentwood .. 

Eyre, John Portsmouth. . 

Picket, John " 

ipiagg, John " M 

2 Flagg, John, Jr " 

Forham, Richard ; " 

3 Fellows, Nathaniel i ; June 20 

Fitzgerald , Richard i 

Foy , John Dover 

Furber, Richard j Newington 

Ferrin, Moses i 

Fifleld, William ! 

Flander.s, Moses 

Folsom, Joseph 

Forrest, John i . 

Fellows, John. 



Private I Williams's. Moore's. 
" Whidden's. " 



Adjt 

Private Moore's 

Lieut. " 

Private " 1 

Lieut. I Fellows's ..| 
Private i " ! 



Light's. 



Ferrel, John Somersworth. . Feb. 13 

Folsom, J ohn j 

Forse, John Dover 

Fowler, Morrice i " 

Fox, Edward I Newmarket. 

* French, John Hampton Falls 

ij Fernald, John I Portsmouth . 

Foss, Zachariah ] I " 

Furbush, Benjamin Dover 

Furguson, John , 

Fales, Nathan ! 

" Folsom, Jonathan ; June 17 

Frost, Samuel I Portsmouth . . . ! 

Fullerton, William Brentwood 



Prescott's.. 
Hale's 



Capt. 
Lieut. 
Private 



Lieut. 
Private 



Williams's. 
Fernald's.. 



Wise's . 



June 20 
Feb. 13 



Gooding, David j Feb. 13 

Gordon, David 

Green, John 

Gardner, Joseph j 

Gibson, John , 

Giles, Joseph Brentwood . . . 

Gilman, James 

Gordon, Robert 

Gordon, James | 

Gault, Adam ' Londonderry 

Gault, Patrick " 

Griffith, John, Jr Portsmouth... 

George, Joseph i 1 

Gilman, Joshua j 

Gimpson, Thomas ' 

* Gove, Ebenezer Hampton Falls 

Gove, Joseph ] " " 

Green, Bradbury " " June 17 

Gerrish, William Dover Feb. 13 

Giles, John I " i 

filidden, William ' " !.....•.... 

(Torman, James " ' , 

Gowell, John " I , 

Grace, Nicholas " , 

Gray, Reuben " 

' Gloster, John Portsmouth Feb. 13 

" Goudy, James : " 

Gardner, David 

Greeley, Peter 

Grove," John 

Gale, Daniel 



Moore's... 
Light's 



Clerk 
Private 



Sherburne' 
Prescott's. 



Lieut. " 

Private Hale's 

Corp. " 

Private " 



Corp. ' " 
Private I Mason's 



Officer 



Whidden's. 



1 Promoted to Captain; no date. 2 promoted Ensign July 9. s Promoted to 
Captain Oct. 1. * Died. "^ Captain of the Sloop Abigail. "Died Jan. 20, 1716. 
' Negro Slave of Theodore Atkinson. s Killed. 



NEW HAMPSHIIIE MEN AT LOUISBUllG. 37 

NEW HA.MPSHIRB MEN IN THE LOUISBURQ EXPEDITION, 1745.— Co?U. 



Names. 



Residence. 



Enlisted. Rank 



Company. 



Reg't. 



Exeter. 



Brentwood 



Hampton . 



Newington . 



Portsmouth. 
Dover 



Portsmouth... 



April 15 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Oilman, Ezeliiel 

1 Oilman, Robert , 

Oilman, Jonathan.... 

Olidden, Charles 

Oodfrey, Jonathan . . 

2 Hall, John 

2 Hall, Richard 

Haley, Thomas 

Hodgdon, John 

Hodgdon, Israel 

Hunt, Abner 

Huntress, Jonathan.. .! 

Huse, William ! 

Ham, Jotham 

Hooper, John | Portsmouth. 

Huntress, Christopher. i Newington . 
Hutchins, John ! 

3 Hale, Samuel Portsmouth. 

Harris, Richard " 

Hassam, Jacob Dover 

Ham, Clement " 

Hayes, Elisha I " 

Heard, Samuel " 

Hill, Ichabod " 

Hoit, Charles " 

^ Hubbard, John H. 

Hurell, Gideon 

Huntress, Samuel. 

Hussey, John 

Harford, Nicholas. 

Hall, John, Jr 

* Ham, Joseph 

*Ham, Weymouth.. 

5 Ham, William ; " 

Hart, John 

Hicks, John Greenland 

6 Hilton, William 

Hopkins, Edward Portsmouth... 

Hutchins, George ! " 

Ingalls, Peter I 

Jones, Thomas j 

Johnson, Thomas ' 

Judkins, Joseph j 

1 Jackson, Joshua Portsmouth... 

Jackson, Elisha ! " 

n Jackson, Ebenezer j " 

Johnson, Philip Greenland 

Judkins, John ! 

Keniston, Joseph 

Knight, Richard 

Kelley , Daniel 

Kennedy, Robert Londonderry. 

Kimball, Jonathan 

Keniston, William 

Kenney, Richard " 

Kenney, Love Dover " 

Kinkett, David 

Keniston, Samuel, Jr.. Greenland Feb. 13 

Kimming, Benjamin. . . Exeter | " 

Keniston, Benjamin. . . 

'Keniston, John Feb. 13 

Keniston, Samuel, Jr. .1 " 

King, George Portsmouth 



Feb. 13 



Major 
Surgeon 

Lieut. 
Private 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



June 20 



Feb. 13 



Ensign 

Private 

Capt. 

Private 

Ensign 
Private 
Sergt. 
Private 

Drum'r 
Private 



Lieut. 
Private 



Sergt. 
Private 



Sergt. 
Psivate 



Mariner 
Otttcer 
Private 
Mariner 

Artificer 



Moore's. 



Fellows's . 



Prescott's. 
Hale's — 

Wise's!!!.' 

Williams's 
Moore's... 
Fellows's . 
Light's 

Moore's... 
Fellows's . 

Light's 

Sherburne'! 
Prescott's 
Hale's 

Fernald's. 
Dudley's'. 
Whiddens. 
Fernald's.. 



1 Wounded. - Some places, written Hull. ' Promoted to Major, Oct. 17, 1745. 
< Taken prisoner. ^uied. 'Wounded, and died. 'Killed. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBUKG. 39 

NKW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN THE LOUISBURG EXPEDITION, 1745.— Con«. 



Names. 



Residence. Enlisted. Bank. Company. Reg't 



Leary , Jeremy 

' Loggia, John 

Lamson, Nathaniel Exeter 

Leary, Thoma.s I 

Light, John Exeter 

Lougee, Moses 

Logan, Andrew Londonderry.. 

Loclse, Thomas ' 

Lowell, James Hampton Falls 

Libby, Benjamin Dover 

Libby, Daniel 

Lowell, David 



Ladd, Daniel Exeter 

2 Ladd, Daniel, Jr " 

Ladd, John 

Leavitt, Jonathan 

Leach, John 

3 Ladd, Jonathan, Jr Kingston 

Langdon, Samuel Portsmouth 

Lapish, William 

3 Leavitt, Moses i Hampton 

Leavitt, Joshua ' 

Lewis, Benjamin Port.smouth 

Libby, John 

Leavitt, Samuel 

* Lufkin, Isaac 

Moore, Samuel j Portsmouth 

Marston, William — 

Marston, James ! 

Moulton, David ' 

McMahone, Roger ! 

Jloore, Edward 

Morgan, Andrew 

Marcy, William 

Marsh, James - 

Moody, Clement | Brentwood — 

5 Marston, Jeremiali — \ Hampton 

McLaughlin, John I,ondonderry. 

McLenchan, James " 

McNeil, John Manchester 

McNeil, James " — 

Miller, Samuel Londonderry 

Miller, John 

3 M(jntgomery, Henry. 
" Montgomery Hugh 

Moulton, Henry. . . 

Moulton, Thomas. 
3 Moulton, Simon 

Merrow, Samuel Rochester — 

Marston, John Hampton 

Mason, John T j Portsmouth... 

McGregor, Daniel I Londonderry. 

Marston, Jonathan ' 

Moulton, James 

Marshall, Henry Brentwood... 

Marshall, Hawley ' " 

Martin, Michael Portsmouth... 

Martyn, Robert " 

Mason, Nathaniel 

Mason, Benjamin Hampton 

Mason, Francis Stratham., 

' Mattoon, Richard 

Meader, Moses ' Durham 



Portsmouth — 



Feb. 13 



June 17 
June 20 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



June 17 
April 15 



Feb. 13 
Mar. 18 



Feb. 13 
Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 12 
Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 
June 20 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 
June 20 



April 15 



Feb. 13 



Private 



Capt. 
Private 



Sergt. 
Private 

Capt. 
Private 

Capt. 
Private 

Surgeon 

Chaplain 

Private 



Lieut. 
Private 

Col. 
Private 



Sergt. 
Private 



Ensign 
Private 



Capt. 
Private 



Lieut. 
Private 



Moore's. 
Light's. . 



Sherburne's 
Prescott's.. 



Hale's 



Williams's. 
Ladd's 



Trefethen's 
Wise's 



Moore's 

Fellows's . . 

Light's 

Sherburne's 



Prescott's. 



Hale's 

Williams's. 
Mason's — 
McGregor's 
Whidden's. 



' Promoted to Ensign, July 16, 1745. 
••Killed. 6 Killed. 



2 Taken prisoner. 3 Died. ■'Wounded. 
'Some places, Malloon. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBFEG. 41 

NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN THE LOUISBURG EXPEDITION, 1745.— Con«. 



Names. 



Residence. 



Enlisted. 



Rank. 



Company. Reg't 



Merrill, Jacob 

Meserve, Nathaniel... 
' Meserve, Nathaniel.Jr. 

Meserve, George 

- Miller, Robert 

Moody, John 

Morgan, Abraham Stratham . 

3 Morgan, John Kingston. 

Moulton, Nathaniel Hampton, 



Portsmouth.. . 



Hampton Falls 



Portsmouth. 



Dover 

Portsmouth. 



Portsmouth... 



Epping 



Exeter . 



■• Newmarch, Thomas. . 

Norton, Caleb 

Nute, Paul 

Nelson, Joseph 

Nelson, John 

" Nelson, Leader 

Nelson, James 

Peirce, Perham 

Perkins, George 

Perry, John 

Pinkham, John 

" Pitman, Ezekiel, Jr. . . 

Philbrick, Joseph 

' Prescott, William 

Palmer, Growth 

Page, David 

''Prescott, Jonathan... 

Prescott, Joseph 

s Prescott, John ' Kingston 

Pressey, Paul '• 

Perkins, Thomas ; Rochester 

Perkins, Nathaniel j 

Paine, John | Newcastle 

Peavey, Joseph 

Partridge. Jonathan. . . Portsmouth — 

Pease, Samuel Newmarket 

Pendester, Edward, Jr 

Perkinij, Robert ] 

Philbrick, Josiah 

3 Philbrick, Simon 

Pickering, Thomas 

Pierce, Joseph Portsmouth 

Pinkham, Solomon Dover 

Quimby, Eliphalet I 

Rand, William 1 Newcastle 

Randall, William 

Rawlings, Stephen 

Rawlings, Samuel : Newington 

Read, Solomon ; Dover 

Roberts, Isaac 

Rundlett, Satchel 

Robinson, Benjamin 

Rowe, Daniel 

Rowe, Nathan Hampton Falls 

Rowe, Robert 

Richardson, Samuel 

Ring, Eliphalet , Portsmouth 

Rotierts, Samuel Dover 

Roberts, Thomas " 

Rowell, Enoch Chester 

Rand, William, Jr 

"Rawlings, Joseph Exeter 

Read, Samuel 

Redman, Joseph Hampton 



June 17 
Feb. 13 



June 20 
Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



April 15 
Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 
Feb. 13 



June 17 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 
Oct. 10 



Feb. 13 
Mar. 16 
Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Ensign Moore' 

Lt. Col. ; Meserve's. 

Lieut. " 

Capt. 
Private 



Ensign 
Private 



Ensign 
Private 



Capt. 
Private 



Corp. 
Private 



Ensign 

Private 
Ensign 
Sur. ch'f 
Armorer 
Private 



Fellows's 
Prescott's 
Trefethen's 
Hale's... 



Moore's... 

Fellows's . 
Light's — 



Sherburne's 
Prescott's.. 



Hale's 

Whidden's 

Light's 

Moore's 

Fellows's . . 



Sherburne's 

Light'h 

Prescott's.. 

Hale's 

Williams's. 



'Taken prisoner, Aug. 1, promoted to Lieutenant. 2 Arm shot off. ^Djed. 
■•Promoted to Lieutenant, Oct. .j, 1745. "Taken prisoner. "Promoted to 
Lieutenant, June 20, 1745. 7Lo.staleg. » Died April 12, 1746. » Wounded, 
June 7. 



NEW HAMPSHIKE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 43 

NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN THE LOUISBURG EXPEDITION, 1745.— Co?i<. 



Names. 



Residence. 



Enlisted. Rank. 



Company. Reg't. 



Robie, Samuel 

Robinson, Charles 

1 Sanborn, Abner 

Spriggs, William 

Studley, William 

Senter, Abraham 

Sherburne, Edward ... 

Stevens, John 

Sanborn, Josiah 

Savage, Moses 

Scribner, Samuel 

Severans, John 

Sinkler, Ebenezer 

Sinkler, Samuel 

Stockbridge, Abram... 

Sherburne, Henry 

Sherburne, Joseph 

Sherburne, Edward 

Sims, Samuel 

Stockbridge, Warren.. 

Stevens, Ephraim 

Swain, William 

Sweet, Robert 

Salter, Richard 

2 Sam 

Sant)orn, Marston 

Smith, Archibald 

Smith, Jolin 

Stanton, Benjamin. ... 
Stanton, Benjamin, Jr. 
Stood ley, Jonathan — 

Samborn, John 

Samborn, Ebenezer 

Shaw, Benjamin 

Seaward, William 

Smith, James 

Sleeper, Joseph 

Sanborn, Shubael 

Sargent, Nathaniel Jr. 

Shaw, Josiah 

Sheafe, Jacob 

Sleeper, Moses 

Sleeper, Henry 

Sleeper, .lohn 

Studlej', John 

Thompson, Alexander. 

Tobey, Samuel 

Towle, Jabez 

Treadwell, William E.. 

Turner, John 

Thompson, Samuel 

■ Thomas, John 

Thompson, James 

Thompson, William ... 

Titcomb, John 

Tibbetts, Samuel 

Tilton, Benjamin 

Taylor, Jariies 

Tilton, Jacob 

Trefethen, Abraham... 

3 Tucker, Lewis 

Thing, Peter 

■•Thomas, Benjamin 

Thompson, George — 



Chester Feb. 13 

Feb. 13 



Newington , 



Exeter . 



Stratham . . . 
Portsmouth 



Hampton Falls 



Feb. 13 
June 6 



Dover 

Portsmouth. 



Dover. 



Dover 

Somersworth. 
Portsmouth . . 



Hampton Falls 
So. Hampton 



Kingston 
Hampton 



Portsmouth. 
Kingston . . . 
Portsmouth. 
Hampton . .. 



Portsmouth 



Rochester . 
Dover 



Hampton Falls 



Newmarket 
Newcastle. . 



Brentwood . 
Portsmouth 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Mar. 20 
Feb. 13 
Oct. 5 
June 17 
Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



Mar. 1 
Apr. 15 
Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 













Moore's 


^J 


Fellows's . . 


•'•' 


Lights' 


Captain 


Sherburne's 


Private 


,, 


;; 


Prescott's.. 


" 


Hale's 


i! 


Williams's. 


Captain 
Private 
Ensign 
Private 


Seaward 's . 

Wise's : 

Ladd's ; 


Surgeon 
Private 













Private 




II 




" 


Moore's 


Comsj-. 
Private 

Corpl. 
Private 


Fellows's . . 
Sherburne's 

Hale's 


Corpl. 
Private 

Captain 

Mariner 
Officer 


Prescott's.. 
Williams's. 
Tilton's.... 
Trefethen's 
Fernald's. . 












1 



iDied. 2An Indian. s Taken prisoner, died. ^Wounded. 



NKW HAM1'8HI1;E .men at L0UISI}Ui;(4. 45 

NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN THE LOUISBURG EXPEDITION, 1745.— Con<. 



Names. 



Residence. 



Enlisted 



Ranli. 



Company. Reg't. 



'Thornton, Mathew 

Tilton, Daniel 

-Trefethen, Henry Jr... 

Trydick, Henry 

2 Tufts, Thomas 

3 Veasey, Jeremiah 

Vittem, William 

^ Vaughan, William 

Vittem, William, Jr 

White, Nathaniel R. . . . 

Wilson, John 

Wallace, Archibald 

Weare, Moses 

Welch, John 

Wherrin, James 

Wherrin, Isaac 

Woodham, John 

Waldron, Richard K. . . 

Watson, Samuel 

Wingate, Moses 

Wingate, Daniel 

Ward, James 

Watson, Thomas 

Wells, John 

Winslow, Joshua 

Welch, David 

Wright, Ebenezer 

Ward, Daniel 

^ Weare, Joseph 

Weed, Joseph 

6 Worthen, Ezekiel 

Weare, Nathaniel 

2 Williams, Edward 

Waldron, Thomas W.. 

Watson, Jonathan 

Whidden, James 

Wise, John 

Wood, James 

Wadleigh, Theophilus. 

Walden. John 

Warren, Walter 

Waters, Samuel 

' WeymDUth, Shadrick. . 

Wheel Wright, Jeremiah 

Whidden, Michael 

Whidden, Nicholas.... 

White, Samuel 

Whitton, Samuel 

Wormall, Daniel 

Young, Eleazer 

Young, Joseph 

Yeatton, Philip 

York, Richard 

Young, Hezekiah 



Londonderry.. Mar. 1 



Newcastle 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 
June 17 
Feb. 13 



Hampton 

Portsmouth . . 

Hampton 

Stratham t Feb. 13 



Kensington. 



Kensington . . . 
Hampton Falls 



Sept. 30 
Apr. 15 



June 17 



Dover 

Hampton Falls 



Epping 

Portsmouth 



Portsmouth . . 



Brentwood . . . 
Dover 



Somers worth. 

Exeter 

Kingston 



Mar. 2 
Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 
Apr. 15 
Mar. 18 



Feb. 13 



Feb. 13 



ApV. 15 
Feb. 13 



Surgeon 
Private 



Ensign 

Private 
Lt. Col. 
Private 
Sergt. 
Private 



Feb. 13 



Lieut. 
Private 



Lieut. 
Private 
Ensign 
Private 



Ensign 
Private 
Captain 

Private 
Captain 

Sur.Mate 
Private 



Lieut. 
Private 

Sergt. 

Lieut. 
Captain 
Ensign 

Sergt. 
Private 
Ensign 
Private 



Light's... 
Moore's. . 



Moore's... 
Fellows's . 



Hale's 



Light's. 



Sherburne's 

Prescott's 



William's. . 

Waldron's . 

Ladd's 

Whidden's. 
Wise's 

Hale's 

Sherburne's 



Moore's. 



Moore's. 



' Richmonds, Mass. Reg't. ^ Died. 'Promoted to lieutenant Oct. 1, 1745. 'Com- 
missioned by Mass. <> Promoted ensign Aug. 11, 1745. ^ promoted to lieutenant 
Oct. 1, 1745. ' Taken prisoner. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISIUTR(^ 47 

NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN THE LOUI8BURG EXPEDITION, 1745— Con«. 



Names. 



Residence. Enlisted 



Rank. Company. Reg't 



Atherton, Philip 

Bishop, Baly 

Blaucher, Edward... 

Braman, Thomas 

Campbell, Jeremiah . 

Caperoa, John 

Cobb, Richard 

Grossman, Henry 

Day, Edward 

Dorman, Micajah 

Esty, Ber)jamiii 

Fillebrown, Thomas . 
Fisher, Nehemiah ... 

Fisher, Abijah 

Fisher, John 

Fisher, Eleazer 

Forrest, John 

Forrest, Samuel 

French, Ephraim 

French, Jacob 

Glen, Richard 

^ Grover, Thomas 

Hodg-es, Eliphalet ... 
Hodges, Benjamin... 
Hounestman, Heber. 

Lane, Zepheniah 

Lyon, Elkanon 

Napp, Aaron 

Rogers, John 

Sheldon, Ephraim .. 

Thayer, Ephraim 

Thayer, Philip 

Tiffany, Joseph 

Tiffany, Robert 

Turner, Ebenezer 

Weeks, John 

White, Abraham 

White, Daniel 

Wood, Benjamin 



Private 
Sergt. 
Private 
Drum'r 
Private 

Sergt. 
Private 



Sergt. 
Private 
Sergt. 
Private 



Corpl. 
Private- 
Corpl. 
Private 



Clerk 
Private 



Corpl. 
Private 



48 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISTUTRfi. 

\_SJiirle)/ to Wenticorth.~\ . ^ 

Boston, March 4, 1745. 
Sir, As it will be uncertain where M"^ Vaughan will be 
upon the arrival of this I am obliged to trouble you with 
100"' N. Tenour (by the bearer) to pay to those men, w'^'^ 
he shall have enlisted over & above the 150 to be aggre- 
gated to your Regiment, and to desire him to seey' the men 
are march'd to Boston instantly to fill up the Incomplete 
Companies belonging te Colonel Hale's Regiment, w''^ will 
be there by the time those men get to Boston, or if he 
marches 'em to Charleston it will do: I must refer you for 
everything else at present to M"" Bastide, who will dine w"^ 
you on Monday — I am sorry I am obliged to trouble you 
w"' the Letter w<=^ accompanies this, at this improper time ; 
But I could not avoid, from the Importunity of the Coun- 
cil, and expectation of the assembly, doing it longer — I will 
write you further upon it by next post and must now sub- 
scribe ray self in much haste and Truth 

Your Exc^'* most obedient Humble servant 

W. Shirley 
His Exc^ Gov-" Wentworth 

[The men referred to in the foregoing were raised in New 
Hampshire, over and above its own quota, to help Massa- 
chusetts fill its quota for the Louisburg expedition. See 
Vol. V, 943.— Editor N. H. State Papers.] 

From the above letter of Governor Shirley of Massachu- 
setts it would appear that the thirty-nine men in the fore- 
going roll were from New Hampshire, but as it is uncer- 
tain, have put them in a separate roll. 



THE CELEBRATION. 



The American Historical Register has granted 
the writer permission to copy from its repoi-t of the 
proceedings at the celebration, in the July number 
for 1895, which he has done, in an abridged form. 

THE LOUISBURG MONUMENT. 

ERECTED BY THE SOCIETY OF COLONIAL WARS. 
UNVEILED JUNE 17, 1895. 

The handsome marble column erected by the So- 
ciety of Colonial Wars at Louisburg, Cape Breton, 
to commemorate tlie one hundred and fiftieth anni- 
versary of the siege and surrender of the fortress 
of Louisburg to the New England troops under 
General Pepperell, was unveiled June 17. It was 
a successful event in every way. The weather was 
propitious to outdoor services and thousands of 
people from the surrounding country and from Hal- 
ifax and Sydney, Avitnessed the function. Every 
State Society of Colonial Wars was represented, 
many members of the New York and New England 
Chapters were present on their private yachts with 
parties of friends. 

The British war ship Canada was present and 
gaily decollated with bunting, as were the vessels 
in port and many private residences. 

4 




THE LOUISBTJRG MONUMENT. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISHrUCJ. 51 

The French Canadians entered heartily into 
the joUification, although the monument was to 
commemorate a victory over their ancestors Fre- 
(|uent mention was made by the speakers of the 
valor and chivalry of the French, and the hope was 
expressed that the French republic would always 
be on friendly relations with the United States and 
Great Britain. The land on which the monument 
is erected was donated by a Frenchman. 

The assemblage was called to order at noon, in 
the King's Bastion of the ruins of the fortress, by 
the chairman of the Society's Monument Commit- 
tee, Mr. Howland Pell, of New York, with some 
appropriate remarks. After prayer by the Rev. Dr. 
Salter, of Burlington, Iowa, the following address 
of Mr. Frederick J. de Peyster, of JS^ew York, gov- 
ernor-general of the Society, was read by Mr. Pell : 

Mr. Governor^ Gentlemen of the Society of Colonial Wars., 
and Guests : We have assembled here to-day among these 
storied ruins to dedicate the first — the very first — monument 
ever erected by the people of the Great Republic to com- 
memorate the greatest triumph achieved by their colonial 
ancestors. 

It is the greatest trium|)h, because it is the only instance 
recorded in history of the victory of a body of irregulars, 
led by a civilian, over well-trained and gallant foes. It was 
the success of shopkeepers, artisans, fishermen, farmers, and 
clerks commanded l)y a mere merL-hant, planned by a law- 
yer utterly ignorant of the art of war, over the regular 
soldiers of the first military power of Europe, led by well- 
trained, experienced, and gallant commanders, and in- 
trenched within the strongest fortress of the New World. 

Tlie enterprise was a mad one, but it succeeded. \'ictoiy 
without the English fleet would have been impcjssible. The 



52 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBUUG. 

English fleet was at first refused, but it arrived in good time 
to complete the victory. Thirty years ago, Goklwiu Smith 
said : 

'' The English yeomanry are no longer to be found in 
England, the descendants of the brave youths who followed 
the standards of Cromwell and Ireton no longer breathe 
British air; bat they are not extinct; to-day you may find 
them beneath the standards of Grant and of Sherman." 

What renders this triumph of the Anglo-Saxon race the 
more glorious is that it was won over worthy foes. The 
fortress which capitulated 150 years ago to-day was held 
by the first soldiers of Europe, the warriors of the "Grand 
Monarque." Few laurels can be won by defeating a horde 
of Asiatic slaves, but to tear the Lilies from the citadel was, 
indeed, a splendid achievement. 

The laurels won heje were won from no [)oltroons, but 
from the brave, romantic, chivalrous, but unfortunate chil- 
dren of glorious France. The glory of this day is enough 
for all. Enough for English and American on the one hand 
and the gallant soldiers of Louis on the other. Both sides 
vk^ere equally brave, but fortune, as usual, favored the big- 
ger battalions. Captain Mahan is right. The true secret 
of England's empire, of her long roll of victories, is her sea 
power. Had France instead of England controlled the sea, 
French would be to-day the language of Boston, Philadel- 
phia, and New York. It was this long century of struggle 
which decided the fate of the continent, and hence the 
gratitude which we feel to those who battled so long, so 
gallantly, and so successfully for the Cross of St. George. 

Our Society of Colonial Wars is devoted to doing justice 
to this very period, to the men who raised the scattered and 
attenuated fringe of settlements along the Atlantic into the 
mighty republic which is to-day the peer of the greatest 
power on earth. We wish that the unconquerable energy, 
the heroic courage, the devoted patriotism of those earlier 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 53 

days when Americans really became Americans, should re- 
main the distinguishing characteristics of our race to the 

end of time. 

And therefore we erect this monument to the memory of 
our heroic ancestors and as an inspiration to heroism for all 
generations (^f Americans. 

Mr. Everett Pepperell Wheeler, of New York, 
one of the few living descendants of the hero of 
Lonislnirg, General Pepperell, and a member of 
the New York State Society of Colonial Wars, de- 
livered the following oration of the day : 

Mr. G-overnor, Gentlemen of the Society of Colonial Wars, 
and Guests: Heaven smiles on our undertaking. The 
northwest wind has driven away the clouds and fogs of the 
past week. Under the blue Cape Breton sky we commem- 
orate achievements that, in their ultimate result, gave to 
the two great North American commonwealths their goodly 

heritage. 

The Roman historian tells us that the leaders of his time 
used to say that when they looked on the statues of their 
ancestors their souls were stirred with a passion of virtue. 
It was not the marble, nor the features that in themselves 
had force. But the memory of their noble deeds kindled a 
flame in the breasts of their descendants which could not 
be quenched until their actiojis had equaled the renown 
and worth of their fathers. 

In like manner we dedicate this monument in a spirit of 
gratitude to God and noble emulation for the heroism of 
man. No narrow spirit of local self-gratulation has brought 
us hither. We are glad to recognize that British sailors and 
colonial soldiers shared in the difficulties and dangers of 
the siege whose successful issue we celebrate to-day. And 
we are swift to acknowledge the courage and endurance of 
the garris(m, who, cut off from succor and short of provi- 



54 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

sioiis, offered brave resistance for seven weeks to the British 
fleet and the regiments of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, 
and Connecticut. 

In the Parliament of Quebec questions have been put to 
the government, indicating that the member who asked 
them thought that this monument was erected in the spirit 
of triumph over a fallen foe. To him I reply that we 
have not thus learned the lessons of history. This col- 
umn points upward to the stars, and away from the petty 
jealousies that man the earth. It will tell, we trust, to many 
generations, the story of the courage, heroic fortitude, and 
manly energy of those who fought behind the ramparts, as 
well as of those who fought in the trenches. Some histo- 
rians, it is true, have underrated the bravery of the defenders 
of the city, and even asserted that they surrendered before 
a breach was made in their walls, and when they might well 
have held out for months. The best answer to this is con- 
tained in an original document which gives the most 
authentic account of the siege : Governor Shirley's letter to 
the Duke of Newcastle. This was certified by Pepperell 
himself and by Waldo, Moore, Lothrop, and Gridley. It 
gives the following graphic description of the condition of 
the fortress when Du Chambon surrendered : 

"•And ]iow, the Grand Battery being in our possession, 
the Island Battery (esteemed by the French the Palladium 
of Louisburg) so much annoyed from the Lighthouse Bat- 
tery, that they could not entertain the hope of keeping it 
much longer ; the enemy's northeast battery being dam- 
aged, and so much exposed to the fire from our advanced 
battery, that they could not stand to their guns; the circu- 
lar battery ruined, and all its guns but three dismounted, 
whereby the Harbour was disarmed of all its principal bat- 
teries ; the west gate of the city being demolished, and a 
breach made in the adjoining wall ; the west flank of the 
King's Bastion almost ruined ; and most of the other guns, 
which had been mounted during the time of the siege being 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 55 

silenced; all the houses and other buildings within the city 
(some of which were quite demolished) so damaged, that 
but one among them was left unhurt; the enemy extremely 
harassed by their long confinement within their casemates, 
and other covered holes, and their stock of ammunition 
being almost exhausted, Mr. Du Chambon sent out a flag 
of truce." 

The men who stood in the trenches at Louisburg or 
dragged their cannon across its morasses were the best 
men of their colonies. They came hither inspired by no 
greed for conquest. Their expedition was really a defen- 
sive one. Their commerce had been assailed, their fron- 
tier settlements ravaged by hostile Indians, their wives 
and children massacred or carried into captivity. Louis- 
burg was the harbor where the French privateers found 
refuge, and whence marauding expeditions sallied forth. 
Its ma.ssive walls were twenty-five years in buihling. 
Time has dealt hardly with these, but their ruin^ still bear 
witness to what was called at the time, the Dunkirk of 
America. The harbor which they covered you behold 
before you, landlocked and secure from the storms of this 
r(jckbound coast. The Island Battery and the Grand Bat- 
tery barred all hostile entrance. And the city had mag- 
azines from which all Canada might be supplied. 

The immediate occasion of the Louisburg expedition 
was an appeal for aid from Nova Scotia. In the archives 
of that province you will find a letter from Governor Mas- 
carene to Governor Shirley, of Massachusetts. It was 
written at Annapolis Royall, December, 1^44. In this 
your governor tells the story of the outbreak of war. 

The honor of suggesting the Louisburg expedition has 
been claimed by several. Probably the thought occurred 
to more than one. The New England [)eople were ripe 
for the attempt. Their state of mind at the time is well 
described by Belkna[), the historiau of New Hampshire : 



56 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

'■' There are certain latent sparks in human nature which, 
b}'- a collision of causes, are sometimes brought to light, 
and, when once excited, their operations are not easily 
controlled. In undertaking anything hazardous, there is 
a necessity for extraordinary vigor of mind and a degree 
of confidence and fortitude which shall raise us above the 
dread of danger and dispose us to run a risk which the 
cold maxims of prudence would forbid. The people of 
New England have at various times shown such an enthu- 
siastic ardor, which has been excited by the example of 
their ancestors and their own exposed situation. It was 
never more apparent, and perhaps never more necessary, 
than on occasion of this expedition. Nor ought it to be 
forgotten that several circumstances, which did not de- 
pend on human foresight, greatly favored this undertak- 
ing." 

The General Court of Massachusetts decided, on Janu- 
ary 29, by a majority of one vote, to undertake the expe- 
dition. Immediately preparations were made with the 
utmost speed. Those who had opposed the plan, because 
of its danger, vied with its supporters in activity to pro- 
mote its success. 

It is not surprising that the enterprise should have 
aroused the enthusiasm of men like the colonists of that 
day. They were the most resolute and fearless of a res- 
olute and fearless race. Religious zeal had led some to 
this country. Love of adventure had influenced others. 
They were inui-ed to hardship by constant struggle with 
nature. They had built their own houses and their own 
ships, had cleared forests and ploughed fields. 

The exigency of their situation had made them ready 
for any emergency. There were few factories in America, 
and the necessaries of life were largely supplied by the 
industry of the hamlets. The embroidered waistcoats and 
purple coats of the gentr3% as you see them in the portraits 
of Copley and Smybert, came from home, as England still 



NEW HA:SIPSH1RE men at LOUIS I?UR(4. 57 

was called. But the gavnients of the sailors and fanners, 
who battered down the walls of Louisburg, were woven 
around their firesides in the long winter evenings. 

And then we must remember that the people of the 
thirteen colonies were a commercial and seafaring people. 
They dwelt in a narrow strip of land extending along the 
Atlantic coast. 

Thus have I tried to sketch the characteristics of the 
Americans of 1745. In times of peril such characteristics 
always find embodiment in a leader. It is common and 
easy to say that great men are bnt the expression of their 
time and lead it only in the sense that the spray leads the 
billow. That is but half the truth. When God gives to 
mankind the inestimable gift of a great man, he does, it is 
true, represent the sjjirit of his age. But he leads it, as 
the moon does the tides. Happy the people who appre- 
ciate such a man and are filled by his spirit, as the Bay of 
Fundy in every creek and inlet is filled by the advancing 
flood. It was fortunate for the colonies that in the emer- 
gency of 1745 there was a leader whom they trusted, and 
who was wise enough to discard the visionary schemes of 
others; brave enough to face the veterans of France, 
intrenched behind the walls which the skill and experi- 
ence of Vauban had planned, and self-sacrificing enough 
to leave home and business, and all that made life 
pleasant and sweet, to endure the hardship and peril of 
this expedition, which Parkman calls "a niad scheme" — 
but which Pepperell and his followers dared to under- 
take. 

I could not do justice to the occasion or the subject if I 
failed to speak for a moment of his remarkable career. He 
was a notable instance of the versatility and adaptiveness 
which the life of those daj^s compelled. He was a success- 
ful merchant. He was a gallant soldier, accustomed from 
early youth to draw the sword in defense of his home and 
country. He had been in actual servic^e against the In- 



58 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOFISBUKG. 

dians before he was twenty-one. It might have been said 
of him, as it was of Wolfe, that he. 

Where'er lie fought, 
Put so much of liis heart into his act, 
That liis example had a magnet's force. 
And all were swift to follow, whom all loved. 

He was for twenty-nine years chief justice of the Court 
of Common Pleas for Maine. He was an active and con- 
spicuous member of His Majesty's Council for the colony 
of Massachusetts. It is but just to him to add that his 
religion was not disfigured by bigotry or intolerance. It 
was an evident power in his life, but it always respected 
the religion of others. 

And now let me return to the story of the expedition 
itself. I will not dwell upon its details. Representatives 
of societies from various states have spokeu of what each 
colony did to promote its success. Massachusetts (which 
then included Maine) certainly did the most. She was 
the richest and most populous. But New Hampshire and 
Connecticut did much, and New York, New Jersey, Rhode 
Island, and Pennsylvania came forward to aid, though no 
troops of theirs were in the trenches. A Rhode Island 
sloop of war rendered essential service. 

When we remember how diificult communication be- 
tween the colonies was at the time of which we are speak- 
ing, we shall wonder that they acted so much in concert — 
not that they did no more. The mails were infrequent — 
roads were poor. Oftentimes the travelers in a stage 
coach were obliged to get out and lift the wheels out of 
the mud in which they sunk to the liubs. No one had 
even dreamed of railroad or electric telegraj)!!. The won- 
derful power of steam was unknown. It will help us to 
realize the obstacles which beset any concerted action on 
the part of the colonies when we remember that even in 
the old mother countr}^ roads were so bad, 'and the trans- 
mission of intelligence so slow, that the Chevalier had 



^'EW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LUUISliUllG. 59 

been in Scotland nearly three weeks before the news 
reached Edinburgh. The tidings of the surrender of 
Louisburg did not reach Boston until July 3, sixteen 
days after the event, and were tirst known in New York a 
week later. 

Such were the difHiculties that our fathers had to face. 
Yet, withal, they had encouragement. Providence had 
favored their cause. The harvest of 1744 had been abun- 
dant, the winter was mild, the frontiers of New England 
had been unmolested, unexpected supplies arrived from 
Great Britain. The Grand Battery was not well fortified 
on the land side. The city had deprived itself of provis- 
ions to furnish the East India fleet and squadron for its 
recent voyage to France, and the Vigilante^ which brought 
supplies, was captured by Warren. The weather during 
the siege was generally fine. The colonial troops cap- 
tured in the Grand Battery, and fished up at the careen- 
ing basin, the heavy cannon which they needed. 

But all these would have availed nothing had it not 
been for the courage, the perseverance, the aptitude of the 
men who took advantage of these favoring circumstances, 
and brought their fleet of 100 vessels, with the little army of 
4,050 men, safely to Canseau. There, to their great delight, 
on April 28, appeared Warren's squadron. Thence they 
sailed to Louisburg; on April 30, the troops landed, and 
after seven weeks of toil and peril, diversified, as we learn, 
when the soldiers were off duty, by games and sports, the 
fortress was theirs. 

Their hardihood and daring are described in the words 
of one of the gallant French garrison as repeated by Gib- 
son in the journal before-mentioned : 

••' This gentleman, I say, told me that he had not had 
his clothes off his back, either by night or day, from the 
first commencement of the siege. He added, moreover, 
that in all the histories he had ever read, he never met 



60 NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 

with an instance of so bold and presumptuous an attempt ; 
that 'twas almost imj)racticable, as any one could think, 
for only three or four thousand raw, undisciplined men to 
lay siege to such a strong, well-fortified city, such garri- 
sons, batteries, etc. For should any one have asked me, 
said he, what number of men would have been sufficient 
to have carried on that very enterprise, he should have 
answered not less than thirty thousand. To this he sub- 
joined that he never heard of or ever saw such courage 
and intrepidity in such a handful of men, who regarded 
neither shot nor bombs. But what was still more surpris- 
ing than all the rest, he said, was this, namely, to see bat- 
teries raised in a night's time, and more particularly the 
Fascine battery, which was not five-and-twenty rods from 
the city wall ; and to see guns that were forty-two pound- 
ers dragged by the English from their grand battery, not- 
withstanding it was two miles distant, at least, and the 
road, too, very rough." 

The tidings of the surrender were received throughout 
the colonies with the utmost enthusiasm. The contempo- 
rary accounts are too graphic not to be quoted : 

" Now the churl and the niggard became generous, and 
even the poor forgot their poverty, and in the evening the 
whole town (Boston) appeared, as it were, in a blaze, 
almost every house being finely illuminated."" 

And now, let iis pause for a moment and ask what was 
the result of this expedition. Do its consequences merit a 
monument? At hrst sight, aijparently not. The capture 
of Louisburg is one of those historical events which was 
fruitful of great results, but which, for the. most part, are 
slow in germination. Immediately it secured the cod 
fishery to the colonists for three years ; it cut the French 
fishermen off from the Banks for a like period ; it destroyed 
the French Atlantic trade for 1745; it gave the English a 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOUISBURG. 61 

prize which enabled them to buy back Madras at the treaty 
of Aix la Chapelle. India was more valuable in the eyes 
of the Duke of Newcastle than all the Atlantic colonies. 

But the remote consequences of this expedition far trans- 
cend in importance these immediate ones. It was a school 
of arms for the colonial troops. Gridley, who planned the 
parallels and trenches at Louisburg, laid out also the fortifi- 
cations of Bunker Hill. 

Its success showed the colonies their power and the 
necessity for their union. It showed them, too, that in the 
councils of Great Britain their affairs were of minor im- 
portance. This was a dreadful shock to the loyal love of 
the old home which then was general in the colonies. On 
the other hand, the capture of Louisburg jjointed out to 
William Pitt the possibility of the conquest of the whole of 
Canada, and paved the way for that. 

In the next war Canada was conquered, and the English 
colonists freed from the fear of attack from their neighbor 
on the north. The expenses of this war and the consequent 
demands of the British exchequer, led the ministry to tax 
the colonies. America resisted, and the result was the 
American Revolution. By an extraordinary turn in the 
wheel of time, the French assisted the old English colonies 
to become an independent nation, while the old French 
colonies remained the property of Great Britain. 

It is now one hundred and fifty years since the surrender 
of Louisburg. It is one hundred and twelve years since 
the treaty of Paris recognized the independence of the 
United States and confirmed to Great Britain the possession 
of Canada. Surely the rancor of the old wars ought by 
this time to be burned completely out. Surely we can now 
agree that the development of these countries during all 
that time has been promoted by the result of those old 
wars. And despite, perhaps partly in consequence of, the 
magnitude and costliness of the fleets and armies of to-day, 
we may believe that the ties of Christian faith, the links of 



62 NEW HARIPSHIKE MEN AT LOUISBUKG. 

mutual trade, the bands of friendship, the swift steamer, 
and the swifter electric current have bound us so closely 
together that English and French and American armies 
shall never more meet on the battlefield. We vie in the 
peaceful contests of art and science, and will settle the 
inevitable disputes by arbitration. There are social prob- 
lems before us, as difificult of solution as any that have 
vexed the past. The very complication of the interlacing 
nerves of our modern civilization, which offers so many 
obstacles to war and binds nations over to keep the peace, 
is producing disorders and dangers within each state that 
require nicer surgery than that of the sword or the bayonet. 
It is then with faces to the future that we dedicate this 
monument to the memory of all the brave men who fought 
and fell at Louisburg, whether under the Cross of St. George 
or the Lilies of France. The morning sun will illumine 
its summit. The sunset ray will gild its massive and simple 
outline. The storms and fogs of Cape Breton will gather 
round it. In sunshine and storm alike, let it tell to all 
mankind that peace has her victories, no less renowned 
than war; that the courage and resolution of the fathers 
live in the hearts of their children ; that we are prepared to 
face the conflicts, the difficulties and the perils of the 
coming century in firm reliance upon the i)rotecting care 
of the same God who was with our fathers and will be with 
all who are loyal to Him to the end of time. 

Addresses were also made by Dr. Mackay of the 
N. S. Historical Society, D. H. Ingraham, United 
States consul-general for Nova Scotia, and repre- 
sentatives of the various State Societies of Colonial 
Wars, when the monument was unveiled by His 
Honor Lieutenant-Governor Daly of Nova Scotia, 
on behalf of His Excellency the Earl of Aberdeen, 
governor-general of Canada; and salutes were fired. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN AT LOITIvSUUIKi. 63 

After benediction by the Rev. T. Fi-aser Draper, 
rector of St. Bartholomew's Church, Louisburg, the 
members of the Society of Colonial Wars and their 
guests dined together. 

In the evening, at the Sydney hotel, the mayor 
and recorder of Sydney and warden of the muni- 
cipality presented an address of welcome, congratu- 
lation, and thanks to the visiting members of the 
Society of Colonial Wars. Happy responses were 
made by several of the visitors and by A. G. Jones, 
and a very pleasant time was brought to a close by 
singing "Auld Lang Syne." 






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